Category includes 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium iodide (5-amino-1MQ) — a small organic molecule from the class selective Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase (NNMT) inhibitors. It is not a peptide, but a low-molecular compound with a mass of ~287 Da, preclinically tested in the context of adipocyte metabolism and the intracellular NAD+ pool. In the One Peptides catalog it is present as Research Use Only reagent — not a medicinal product, not a dietary supplement. All items meet the standard HPLC ≥98%, have identity confirmation by mass spectrometry (MS), a full certificate of analysis per batch and are delivered in accordance with the controlled logistics procedure. The mechanistic context of NNMT inhibition and NAD+ metabolism as an alternative to precursor supplementation is described guide to anti-aging peptides and Longevity category.
Formal status. Chemical reagent Research Use Only. No registration as a medicinal product with EMA, FDA, URPL. No registration as a dietary supplement under EFSA. No indications for use in humans.
Parent category: incretin and non-incretin metabolic modulators.
5-amino-1MQ is 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium iodide — a small organic molecule belonging to the class of quinoline derivatives. It was developed as a chemical tool for selective inhibition of the NNMT enzyme in preclinical models. It is not a peptide — unlike other catalog entries based on amino acid sequences, 5-amino-1MQ is a low-molecular compound synthesized using organic chemistry methods.
Structurally, it is a derivative of methylquinoline with an amino substituent in the 5-position and a methyl group on the nitrogen atom of the quinoline ring. The iodine salt form ensures crystal stability and solubility required in research protocols. Inhibition of NNMT by this molecule is selective and reversible – which distinguishes it from non-selective methyltransferase inhibitors that use SAM analogues as a co-substrate.
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Full chemical name | 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium iodide |
| Catalog abbreviation | 5-amino-1MQ |
| Relationship class | A small organic molecule – a quinoline derivative |
| Pharmacological class | Selective NNMT (Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase) inhibitor |
| Molecular weight | ~287 Da (iodine salt) |
| A form of salt | Iodine salt |
| Is a peptide | No – low molecular weight compound |
| Inhibition mechanism | Selective, reversible inhibitor of the NNMT enzyme |
| State of research | Pre-clinical models only (in vitro, rodents) |
Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase (NNMT) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) on nicotinamide (NAM), generating 1-methylnicotinamide (1-MNA) and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) as reaction products. The reaction is unidirectional and – from the point of view of cellular metabolism – fundamental for two reasons.
Firstly: nicotinamide is a precursor of NAD+ in the salvage trail. Methylation of NAM by NNMT directs it to be degraded and excreted as 1-MNA, rather than allowing it to return to the NAD+ pool via NMNAT and NAMPT. High NNMT activity in the cell therefore means NAD+ precursor drainage, which translates into a reduction in the intracellular concentration of this cofactor.
Secondly: SAM is a universal methyl donor for all methylation reactions in the cell – including methylation of DNA, histones, phospholipids, neurotransmitters and proteins. SAM consumption by NNMT competes with other methyltransferases, and the generated SAH has an inhibitory effect on most of them. High NNMT activity therefore interferes global methylation status of the cell.
Consequences of high NNMT activity described in preclinical literature:
In human adipose tissue NNMT is significantly overexpressed in obese people — particularly in visceral fat — making the enzyme an attractive therapeutic target for experimental strategies modulating adipocyte energy metabolism. NNMT overexpression has also been described in some classes of cancers and in aging muscle tissue.
5-amino-1MQ blocks the enzymatic activity of NNMT in a selective and reversible manner. Inhibition of the enzyme leads to two molecular consequences: preservation of the nicotinamide pool available for the NAD+ salvage pathway and saving SAM previously targeted at NAM methylation. In in vitro models, inhibition of NNMT by 5-amino-1MQ results increase in intracellular NAD+ concentration and normalization of the SAM/SAH ratio.
In high-fat diet (HFD) mouse models observations were published including:
All of these observations come from preclinical models – rodents and cell cultures. There are no published results of clinical studies in humans verifying the translation of this mechanistic hypothesis to the human metabolic phenotype. The mechanistic context of metabolic pharmacology involving GLP-1 incretins and alternative pathways for fat mass reduction is described Metabolic Peptides Guide.
NNMT inhibition constitutes a strategic alternative to supplementation with NAD+ precursors (NMN, NR, NA, NAM). While precursor supplementation increases the supply of salvage pathway entry substrate, inhibition of NNMT protects endogenous nicotinamide against catabolism — keeping it within the NAD+ recovery cycle rather than allowing it to be metabolically exported as 1-MNA.
From a systems pharmacology perspective, both approaches address the same parameter – the intracellular NAD+ pool – through two different pathway entry points. Mechanistically, they are not mutually exclusive, which generates the hypothesis o potential synergy of NNMT inhibitors with NAD+ precursors. This hypothesis remains an area of active preclinical investigation; There are no published clinical studies verifying it in humans.
The longevity research field treats NNMT as one of the biomarkers of metabolic aging – an increase in enzyme activity is observed in many tissues with age, parallel to a decrease in intracellular NAD+. However, this does not make 5-amino-1MQ a “longevity supplement” or an “anti-aging supplement” — remains a Research Use Only reagent intended for mechanism studies, not a product for human use. In the One Peptides ecosystem, it is directly adjacent to other research mechanisms in the area of aging biology, described in Longevity category (NMN, Epithalon, MOTS-c, GHK-Cu).
The capsule variant is present in this category 5-amino-1MQ 50 mg, 30 capsules — ready for use in laboratory protocols without the need to dissolve, with a standardized content of active substance per capsule.
Formal status:
Quality standards: HPLC ≥98%, MS confirmation, COA per batch, batch traceability, controlled logistics. A full description of the quality control procedure can be found in the section quality tests and certificates. Calculator helps calculate the concentration of working solutions for protocols requiring dissolution.
| Frame | 5-amino-1MQ status |
|---|---|
| Medicinal product (EMA, FDA, URPL, other authorities) | No registration — nowhere in the world |
| Dietary supplement (EFSA, subordinate national regulators) | No approval — is not a registered dietary supplement ingredient in the EU |
| Substance prohibited in sport (WADA) | Class NNMT inhibitors are not listed separately in the current List of Prohibited Substances and Methods |
| Chemical reagent Research Use Only | This frame – category in the One Peptides catalog |
The lack of registration as a medicine means that no regulatory body has assessed 5-amino-1MQ for efficacy and safety in humans for any indication. The lack of dietary supplement status means that EFSA has not approved nutrition or health claims for this compound. The full context of the legal status of reagents in the EU is described article on EU law for research reagents.
What is NNMT?
NNMT (Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to nicotinamide (NAM), generating 1-methylnicotinamide (1-MNA) and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). In the practice of cellular metabolism, the enzyme performs two functions important for energy balance: it directs nicotinamide to catabolism (instead of allowing it to return to the NAD+ pool through the salvage pathway) and it consumes SAM (the universal methyl donor in the cell). High NNMT activity leads to NAD+ precursor drainage and destabilization of the cell’s methylation status. In human adipose tissue, NNMT is significantly overexpressed in obese individuals, making the enzyme an attractive therapeutic target for experimental metabolic strategies.
How is 5-amino-1MQ different from NMN?
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) is a precursor of NAD+ – the input substrate of the salvage pathway, which increases the supply of material for cofactor synthesis. 5-amino-1MQ is a selective inhibitor of the NNMT enzyme – it works to protect endogenous nicotinamide from catabolism, keeping it within the NAD+ recovery cycle. Both approaches address the same endpoint parameter (intracellular NAD+ pool) through two different entry points into the pathway – precursor supplementation versus catabolic enzyme inhibition. The chemical classes are fundamentally different: NMN is a nucleotide, 5-amino-1MQ is a quinoline derivative. The formal status also differs: NMN is marketed as an ingredient in consumer products in some jurisdictions, 5-amino-1MQ remains a Research Use Only reagent.
Does 5-amino-1MQ lose weight in humans?
There are no published human clinical data verifying this effect. Observations of reduction in adipose tissue mass and improvement in insulin sensitivity come exclusively from high-fat diet (HFD) mouse models and adipocyte cell cultures. The translation of data from the HFD mouse model to human adipocyte physiology is limited by species differences in NNMT expression, adipose tissue composition, and NAD+ kinetics. Any claims of a weight loss effect in humans remain hypothetical and unproven; 5-amino-1MQ in the One Peptides catalog functions only as a research reagent with no indications for use in humans.
Is 5-amino-1MQ registered?
NO. 5-amino-1MQ is not registered as a medicinal product with any regulatory body in the world – the EMA, FDA, URPL or other regulatory body has not assessed the compound for efficacy and safety in humans for any clinical indication. The compound also does not have the status of a registered dietary supplement – EFSA has not approved nutritional or health claims for 5-amino-1MQ, and the substance is not included in the lists of permitted supplement ingredients. The only valid formal framework for this category is chemical reagent Research Use Only, intended only for laboratory tests.
Is 5-amino-1MQ on the WADA list?
The class of NNMT inhibitors is not separately listed on the current WADA List of Prohibited Substances and Methods. However, athletes subject to doping control should verify the current list before each season and each time the protocol is extended to include a new substance – the classification of substances is regulated annually, and the lack of a direct mention of a given class does not exempt from the verification of general categories (e.g. metabolic modulators, hormones and metabolic modulators, substances with unapproved status). The decision on the status of a specific substance in the context of anti-doping control is the responsibility of the anti-doping authorities relevant to the discipline and jurisdiction of the athlete.
All items in this category are chemical reagents intended only for laboratory tests (Research Use Only). They are not medicinal products, dietary supplements or foodstuffs. 5-amino-1MQ is not registered as a medicine at EMA, FDA, URPL or any other regulatory body in the world. EFSA has not approved nutrition or health claims for 5-amino-1MQ. All published observations regarding NNMT inhibition and adipocyte metabolism come exclusively from preclinical models – rodents and cell cultures. The content on this website is for informational and educational purposes and does not constitute medical advice, instructions for use, or encouragement for human administration.
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